Risk Management Brochure Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

3 Steps to Acing Your Upcoming Group Interview You’ve been approached in for a board meet. Perhaps you’re threatened. Perhaps frightened. Possibly you’re not even sure you comprehend what that really involves. Whatever your degree of fear, here are three simple strides to traversing your board meet tranquilly and in one piece. Stage 1: BEFOREYou reserve the privilege to ask who will be on your board. Do this. At that point inquire about each board part as well as could be expected. You’ll have the option to make sense of a considerable amount and get ready better for what each may be generally quick to ask you. What does this specific gathering of individuals educate you regarding what the organization is attempting to assess?You can likewise ask to what extent (generally) the meeting should last. This will give you a nice sentiment for what amount to and fro conversation will be conceivable, how much space you’ll be given to pose inquiries, to what extent your answers can be, etc.Step 2: DURING Treat every individual on the board like an individual not simply one more anonymous face. This isn't an indifferent divider asking you inquiries. Every questioner on your board is another chance to make a human association and persuade that a lot more individuals in the organization what an extraordinary fit you would be.Be sure to observe everybody’s name as they are presented. Record every one if that causes you recall. When responding to questions, talk straightforwardly to the person who asked, yet then attempt to widen your answer out to cause the remainder of the board to feel remembered for the discussion.Step 3: AFTERYou’ve took in their names and put forth an attempt to interface with each board part presently thank every single one of them earnestly withâ solid eye to eye connection and a quality handshake. From that point forward, it’s the typical post-meet follow-up methodology. Be that as it may, recall that you have to keep in touch with one card to say thanks for each board part. It appears to be a torment, however it’s these little contacts that will help set you apart.The board talk with: 6 hints for previously, during, and after

Trabalenguas or Spanish-Language Tongue Twisters

Trabalenguas or Spanish-Language Tongue Twisters Think you have your Spanish articulation down? Provided that this is true, test your aptitudes with the tongue twisters underneath. On the off chance that they appear to be excessively simple, have a go at rehashing them quickly. Regardless of whether youre a local speaker, youre prone to be entangled at some point or another. By chance, the Spanish word for tongue twister is a compound thing, trabalenguas, or (approximately deciphered) thing that ties tongues. Like most other compound things, it is manly. Tongue Twisters Based on Words With ‘P’ Poquito a poquito Paquito empaca poquitas copitas en pocos paquetes. (Gradually, Paquito packs a couple of little glasses in a couple of bundles.) Pepe puso un peso en el piso del pozo. En el piso del pozo Pepe puso un peso. (Pepe put a peso on the floor of the well. On the floor of the well Pepe put a peso.) Pepe Peã ±a pela father, pica piã ±a, pita un pito, pica piã ±a, pela daddy, Pepe Peã ±a. (Pepe Peã ±a strips potatoes, cuts pineapple, blows a whistle, cuts pineapple, strips potatoes, Pepe Peã ±a.) En la poblaciã ³n de Puebla, pueblo muy poblado, roughage una square pã ºblica poblada de pueblerinos. (In the city of Puebla, an exceptionally populated town, there is an open square populated with Pueblans.) El hipopã ³tamo Hipo est con hipo.  ¿Quià ©n le quita el hipo al hipopã ³tamo Hipo? (Hipo the hippopotamus has a hiccup. Who is restoring the hiccup for the hippopotamus Hipo? Tongue Twisters Featuring Other Hard Consonant Sounds  ¡Quà © triste ests, Tristn, con tan tã ©trica trama teatral! (How tragic you are, Tristn, with such a bleak showy story! Una cacatrepa trepa tiene tres cacatrepitos. Cuando la cacatrepa trepa trepan los tres cacatrepitos. (A climbing caterpillar has three infant caterpillars. At the point when the climbing caterpillar climbs the three child caterpillars climb.) Como poco coco como, poco coco compro. (Since I eat little coconut, little coconut I purchase.) Comprã © pocas copas, pocas copas comprã ©, como comprã © pocas copas, pocas copas pagarã ©. (I will purchase hardly any drinking glasses, scarcely any drinking glasses I will purchase, as I will purchase not many drinking cups, barely any drinking cups will I pay.) Toto toma tã ©, Tita toma mate, y yo me tomo toda mi taza de chocolate. (Toto drinks tea, Tita drinks mate, and I drink up the entirety of some chocolate.) Cuando cuentes cuentos, cuenta cuantos cuentos cuentas, porque si no cuentas cuantos cuentos cuentas nunca sabrs cuantos cuentos cuentas tã º. (At the point when you disclose to me stories, reveal to me what number of stories you let me know, supposing that you dont disclose to me what number of stories you are letting me know, you will never now what number of stories you are letting me know.) El love es una locura que solo el cura lo cura, pero el cura que lo cura comete una gran locura. (Love is an incredible lunacy that lone a cleric can fix, however the minister who fixes it submits an extraordinary lunacy.) Tongue Twisters Featuring Soft Consonant Sounds Ã'oã ±o Yã ±ez come à ±ame en las maã ±anas con el niã ±o. (Ã'oã ±o Yã ±ez eats sweet potatoes in the mornings with the kid.)  ¡Esmerà ­lemelo! (Clean it for me.) Eugenio es muy ingenuo.  ¡quã © genio tiene el ingenuo de Eugenio! (Eugene is credulous. What virtuoso has the naivete of Eugene!) Busco al vasco bizco brusco. (Im searching for the inconsiderate cross-peered toward Basque.) El niã ±o est sosegado.  ¿Quià ©n lo desasosegar? El desasosegador que lo desasosiegue, buen desasosegador ser. (The youngster is quiet. Who will upset him? The disturber who upsets him will be a decent disturber.) Si wear Curro ahorra ahora, ahora ahorra wear Curro. (In the event that Curro is sparing currently, presently is Curro sparing.) El suelo est enladrillado.  ¿Quià ©n lo desenladrillar? El desenladrillador que lo desenladrillare un buen desenladrillador ser. (The ground is cleared with blocks. Who will unpave it? The unpaver who unpaves it a decent unpaver will be.) Tres tristes tigres comã ­an trigo en tres tristes platos sentados en un trigal. (Three pitiful tigers were eating wheat on three miserable plates put in a wheat field.) Por la calle Carretas pasaba un perrito; pasã ³ una carreta, le pillã ³ el rabito.  ¡Pobre perrito, como lloraba por su rabito! (A pup strolled through Carretas road; a truck ignored by and ran his dear tail. Poor doggy, how he weeped for his dear tail!) La sucesiã ³n sucesiva de sucesos sucede sucesivamente con la sucesiã ³n del tiempo. (The progressive arrangement of occasions happens progressively with the progression of time.)

Overview of the Early American Colonial Regions

Outline of the Early American Colonial Regions  The history of the 13 American settlements that would turn into the initial 13 conditions of the United States dates to 1492 when Christopher Columbus found what he thought was a New World, yet was extremely North America, which alongside its indigenous populace and culture, had been there from the start. Spanish Conquistadors and Portuguese travelers before long utilized the landmass as a base for extending their nations’ worldwide realms. France and the Dutch Republic participate by investigating and colonizing northern districts of North America. Britain moved to have a special interest in 1497 when pilgrim John Cabot, cruising under the British banner, arrived on the east bank of what is presently America. Twelve years in the wake of sending Cabot on a second however deadly journey to America King Henry VII passed on, leaving the seat to his child, King Henry VIII. Obviously Henry VIII had more enthusiasm for wedding and executing spouses and warring with France than in worldwide extension. Following the passings of Henry VIII and his delicate child Edward, Queen Mary I dominated and went through the vast majority of her days executing Protestants. With the demise of â€Å"Bloody Mary,† Queen Elizabeth I introduced the English brilliant age, satisfying the guarantee of the whole Tudor illustrious line. Under Elizabeth I, England started to benefit from transoceanic exchange, and in the wake of crushing the Spanish Armada extended its worldwide impact. In 1584, Elizabeth I appointed Sir Walter Raleigh to cruise towards Newfoundland where he established the states of Virginia and Roanoke, the supposed â€Å"Lost Colony.† While these early settlements did little to build up England as a worldwide realm, they set up for Elizabeth’s replacement, King James I. In 1607, James I requested the foundation of Jamestown, the principal perpetual settlement in America. Fifteen years and much show later, the Pilgrims established Plymouth. After the passing of James I in 1625, King Charles I established Massachusetts Bay which prompted the establishing of the Connecticut and Rhode Island provinces. English provinces in America would before long spread from New Hampshire to Georgia. From the establishment of the settlements starting with the establishing of Jamestown until the start of the Revolutionary War, various districts of the eastern coast had various attributes. When set up, the thirteen British provinces could be isolated into three geographic zones: New England, Middle, and Southern. Every one of these had explicit monetary, social, and political improvements that were one of a kind to the locales. The New England Colonies The New England Colonies of New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut were known for being wealthy in woodlands and hide catching. Harbors were situated all through the locale. The territory was not known for good farmland. In this manner, the homesteads were little, mostly to give food to singular families. New England thrived rather from angling, shipbuilding, blundering, and hide exchanging alongside exchanging products with Europe. The celebrated Triangle Trade happened in the New England settlements where slaves were sold in the West Indies for molasses. This was sent to New England to make Rum which was then sent to Africa to exchange for slaves.​ In New England, humble communities were the focuses of neighborhood government. In 1643, Massachusetts Bay, Plymouth, Connecticut, and New Haven framed the New England Confederation to give resistance against Indians, Dutch, and the French. This was the principal endeavor to shape a relationship between states. A gathering of Massasoit Indians sorted out themselves under King Philip to battle the homesteaders. Ruler Philips War kept going from 1675-78. The Indians were at long last vanquished at an incredible misfortune. A Rebellion Grows in New England The seeds of revolt were planted in the New England Colonies. Compelling characters in the American Revolution, for example, Paul Revere, Samuel Adams, William Dawes, John Adams, Abigail Adams, James Otis, and 14 of the 56 endorsers of the Declaration of Independence lived in New England. As dismay with British principle spread through the Colonies, New England saw the ascent of the observed Sons of Liberty - a mystery gathering of politically protester colonistsâ formed in Massachusetts during 1765 devoted to battling against charges unjustifiably forced on them by the British government. A few significant fights and occasions of the American Revolution occurred in the New England Colonies, including The Ride of Paul Revere, the Battles of Lexington and Concord, the Battle of Bunker Hill, and the catch of Fort Ticonderoga. New Hampshire In 1622, John Mason and Sir Ferdinando Gorges got land in northern New England. Artisan in the end shaped New Hampshire and Gorges land prompted Maine. Massachusetts controlled both until New Hampshire was given an illustrious sanction in 1679 and Maine was made its own state in 1820. Massachusetts Pioneers wishing to escape oppression and discover strict opportunity ventured out to America and framed the Plymouth Colony in 1620. Prior to landing, they built up their own administration, the premise of which was the Mayflower Compact. In 1628, Puritans framed the Massachusetts Bay Company and numerous Puritans kept on settling in the territory around Boston. In 1691, Plymouth joined the Massachusetts Bay Colony. Rhode Island Roger Williams contended for opportunity of religion and division of chapel and state. He was ousted from the Massachusetts Bay Colony and established Providence. Anne Hutchinson was likewise ousted from Massachusetts and she settled Portsmouth. Two extra settlements shaped in the region and every one of the four got a sanction from England making their own administration inevitably called Rhode Island. Connecticut A gathering of people drove by Thomas Hooker left the Massachusetts Bay Colony because of disappointment with cruel standards and settled in the Connecticut River Valley. In 1639, three settlements joined to frame a brought together government making a record called the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, the principal composed constitution in America. Lord Charles II authoritatively joined Connecticut as a solitary settlement in 1662. The Middle Colonies The Middle Colonies of New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware offered ripe farmland and normal harbors. Ranchers developed grain and raised domesticated animals. The Middle Colonies additionally rehearsed exchange like New England, however normally they were exchanging crude materials for fabricated things. One significant occasion that occurred in the Middle Colonies during the frontier time frame was the Zenger Trial in 1735. John Peter Zenger was captured for composing against the illustrious legislative head of New York. Zenger was safeguarded by Andrew Hamilton and saw not as blameworthy assisting with setting up the possibility of opportunity of the press. New York The Dutch-possessed a settlement called New Netherland. In 1664, Charles II allowed New Netherland to his sibling James, Duke of York. He simply needed to take it from the Dutch. He showed up with an armada. The Dutch gave up without a battle. New Jersey The Duke of York allowed some land to Sir George Carteret and Lord John Berkeley who named their settlement New Jersey. They gave liberal awards of land and opportunity of religion. The two pieces of the state were not joined into an illustrious province until 1702. Pennsylvania The Quakers were oppressed by the English and wished to have a settlement in America. William Penn got an award which the King called Pennsylvania. Penn wished to start a â€Å"holy experiment.† The principal settlement was Philadelphia. This settlement immediately got one of the biggest in the New World. Presentation of Independence was composed and marked in Pennsylvania. The Continental Congress met in Philadelphia until it was caught by British General William Howe in 1777 and compelled to move to York. Delaware At the point when the Duke of York got New Netherland, he likewise got New Sweden which had been established by Peter Minuit. He renamed this zone, Delaware. This territory turned out to be a piece of Pennsylvania until 1703 when it made its own governing body. The Southern Colonies The Southern Colonies of Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia developed their own food alongside growing three significant money crops: tobacco, rice, and indigo. These were developed on estates regularly worked by slaves and obligated hirelings. Britain was the principle client of yields and products traded by the Southern Colonies. Rambling cotton and tobacco manors kept individuals generally isolated, forestalling the development of numerous urban territories. A significant occasion that happened in the Southern Colonies was Bacons Rebellion. Nathaniel Bacon drove a gathering of Virginia pilgrims against Indians who were assaulting wilderness ranches. The imperial senator, Sir William Berkeley, had not moved against the Indians. Bacon was named a double crosser by the senator and requested captured. Bacon assaulted Jamestown and held onto the administration. He at that point turned out to be sick and kicked the bucket. Berkeley returned, balanced a significant number of the radicals, and was in the long run expelled from office by King Charles II. Maryland Master Baltimore got land from King Charles I to make a safe house for Catholics. His child, the second Lord Baltimore, actually claimed all the land and could utilize or sell it as he wished. In 1649, the Toleration Act was passed permitting all Christians to love however they wanted. Virginia Jamestown was the principal English settlement in America (1607). It made some hard memories from the outset and didn’t prosper until the pilgrims got their own property and the tobacco business started thriving, the settlement flourished. Individuals kept on showing up and new settlements emerged. In 1624, Virginia was made a regal province. North Carolina and

Narrative Technique of Sula Essay

Despite the fact that Sula is orchestrated in sequential request, it doesn't develop a straight story with the reasons for each new plot occasion plainly noticeable in the first section. Rather, Sula utilizes â€Å"juxtaposition,† the procedure through which arrangements are assembled. The impacts of a composition on the watcher rely upon surprising mixes of pictures, or on abnormal plans, for example, covering. The photos of a composition don’t fit easily together, yet they make a bound together impact. The â€Å"pictures† of Sula’s montage are isolated occasions or character outlines. Together, they show the fellowship of Nel and Sula as a component of the many confounded, covering connections that make up the Bottom. Morrison presents the novel from the point of view of an omniscient storyteller †one who knows all the characters’ considerations and sentiments. An omniscient storyteller for the most part places the peruser in the situation of somebody seeing a regular picture or scene as opposed to a collection. (In such circumstances, the watcher can see the solidarity of the entire work with just a look.) To make the composition like impact of Sula, the omniscient storyteller never uncovers the musings of the considerable number of characters one after another. Rather, from section to part, she picks an alternate perspective character, so an alternate person’s awareness and experience command a specific occurrence or area. Also, the storyteller once in a while moves past the awareness of single, singular characters, to uncover what bunches in the network think and feel. On the uncommon events when it concurs collectively, she presents the assembled community’s see. As i n The Bluest Eye and Jazz, the network has such an immediate effect on people that it adds up to a character. In account method for Sula, Morrison draws on an explicitly innovator use of juxtaposition. Innovation, talked about in Chapter 3, was the prevailing artistic development during the primary portion of the twentieth century. Authors of this period surrendered the binding together, omniscient storyteller of prior writing to make writing increasingly like life, in which every one of us needs to understand the world. Instead of inactively getting a smooth, associated story from a definitive storyteller, the peruser is compelled to sort out a lucid plot and importance from progressively isolated pieces ofâ information. Pioneers explored different avenues regarding numerous abstract classifications. For instance, T. S. Eliot made his compelling sonnet The Wasteland by comparing citations from other scholarly works and melodies, blended with fragmentary accounts of unique stories. Fiction utilizes an undifferentiated from strategy of juxtaposition. Each progressive section of William Faulkner tale As I Lay Dying, for example, drops the peruser into an alternate character’s awareness without the course or help of an omniscient storyteller. To make sense of the plot, the peruser must work through the view of characters who extend from a seven-year-old kid to a crazy person. The sudden, upsetting movements starting with one cognizance then onto the next are an expected piece of the reader’s experience. Similarly as with every single scholarly strategy, juxtaposition is utilized to convey specific subjects. In Cane, a work that opposes our standard meanings of abstract types, Jean Toomer co mpared verse and brief composition portrays. Along these lines, Cane builds up its topical differentiation of provincial dark culture in the South and urban dark culture of the North. Morrison, who kept in touch with her master’s theory on two innovators, Faulkner and Virginia Woolf, utilizes juxtaposition as an organizing gadget in Sula. In spite of the fact that generally short for a novel, Sula has a bizarrely huge number of sections, eleven. This division into little pieces makes a proposed roughness, the awkward feeling of every now and again halting and beginning. The substance of the sections emphasizes this uneven beat. Pretty much every part moves the concentration from the tale of the former section by changing the perspective character or presenting unexpected, stunning occasions and postponing conversation of the characters’ intentions until some other time. In â€Å"1921,† for instance, Eva soaks her child Plum with lamp oil and consumes him to death. Despite the fact that the peruser realizes that Plum has become a heroin junkie, Eva’s thinking isn't uncovered. When Hannah, normally expecting that Eva doesn’t know about Plum’s threat, discloses to her that Plum is copying, the section closes with Eva’s practically apathetic â€Å"Is? My child? Burning?† (48). Not until halfway through the following section, â€Å"1923,† does Hannah’s addressing permit the peruser to comprehend Eva’s inspiration. Juxtaposition hence elevates the reader’s feeling of deficiency. Rather than giving speedy goals, juxtapositionâ introduces new and similarly upsetting occasions. Incomprehensibly, when a periodic section contains a solitary story evidently complete in itself, it also adds to the novel’s by and large rough cadence. In a novel utilizing a straightforward, sequential method of portrayal, each succeeding section would get the latest relevant point of interest, with the fundamental characters presently associated with an alternate occurrence, yet in some reasonable route influenced by their past experience. In Sula, in any case, a few characters figure noticeably in one section and afterward blur completely out of spotlight. The main section fixates on Shadrack, and despite the fact that he shows up twice more and has extensive mystic significance to Sula and representative significance to the novel, he isn't a significant on-screen character once more. In comparable design, Helene Wright is the controlling nearness of the third part, â€Å"1920,† yet scarcely shows up in the remainder of the book. These movements are more agitating than if Shadrack and Helene were predecessors of different characters, ages expelled, on the grounds that the peruser would then anticipate that them should vanish. Their underlying noticeable quality and later shadowy nearness add to the reader’s sentiment of disturbance. The uneven portrayal of Sula communicates one of its significant topics, the fracture of the two people and the network. Sula. New York: Knopf, 1973. Rpt. New York: Penguin, 1982

Alien 1979 Essay Topics

Alien 1979 Essay TopicsAre you the alien types of students? Well, if so, it is time to seek out your alien essay topics and strategies to excel at your life's work.You are not alone in this predicament, many people have had a tough time finding their alien essay topics. Have you ever considered the advantages of doing this research before school years? There are actually some different strategies for you to do this research.If you look at the chapters of the Alien Trilogy, there are actually several parts that pertain to different essays. One section is known as, The Future of the Federation. This Alien Trilogy review is written from the point of view of Dr. Peterson and he also gives you a synopsis of how the whole series has unfolded.A lot of people will try to do this Alien Trilogy review from the viewpoint of the aliens who have been studying Earth humans. Some of the best essays were written by Stanley Gort, Betty Smith, and Philip K. Dick. Other Alien Trilogy authors include Ja mes Blish, and Michael Crichton. All of these authors provide the students with some great advice.There are other Alien authors as well. Recently, author Phillip K. Dick said that his Alien Trilogy essay topics include Alien Disobedience, which is about the way that the humans cannot get along with one another. Another one is Alien Control, which explains why the humans cannot run their government.One might also consider Alien Conspiracy, which focuses on the conspiracy theories that surround the Federation and its secret organizations. You can even find some more Alien Trilogy resources online, such as online books or eBooks that talk about the alien encounter, extraterrestrial intelligence, the truth about the United States, and other topics.In all of this, there is one thing for sure, and that is that if you are doing your Alien essay topics, it is one thing that is worth doing. Many people never do this for one reason or another. It is one thing that you might want to consider b efore school years begin, and perhaps there is a very good reason for you to do this research.

Atlantic Quench Cranberries Essay - 1650 Words

Atlantic Quench Cranberries (Essay Sample) Content: ATLANTIC QUENCH CRANBERRIESNameCourseInstitutionDateATLANTIC QUENCH CRANBERRIESExecutive SummaryAtlantic Quench Cranberries is a Juice producing co-operative with its base being in the United States. The cooperative was formed about 80 years ago by two grape farmers and later Florida grapefruit growers joined the co-operative. In the current time it has a composition of about 630 cranberry and 46 grapefruit farmers. The cooperative has grown to become the best-selling brand of canned and bottled juices in North America since 1981.The following is an outline of the marketing plan for Atlantic Quench Cranberries Inc. the aim of this plan is to maintain cranberry products the bestselling juice drink in North America and Europe. In order to carry out macro environment analysis for Atlantic Quench Cranberries (AQC), this plan will use Political, Economic, Sociological, Technological, Environmental and Legal (PESTEL) analysis, concentrating on the forces that are most relev ant to the AQC company in order to evaluate any possible strengths, weaknesses opportunities and threats. The marketing plan main focus is the population that is highly demanding for natural and healthy drinks today. The budget for the marketing plan will cover the costs of doing market research, differentiating products, and advertising the improved products. The emphasis of this marketing plan is to ensure the healthy products from this company reach the target market.IntroductionThe Cranberry products include juice drinks with cranberry flavors. In 2002, the co-operative introduced to the market the Cranberry Classic in a 250 ml in an aim to target desire consumers in the convenience sector. In 2003 the organisation, AQC increased its products of the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"lightà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ low calorie fruit drinks. These were inclusive of cranberry and blackcurrant, cranberry and raspberry, and cranberry and mango. Later in 2004, a white cranberry juice drink was launched and promoted as sweeter and smoother alternative to the red cranberry juice drinks. This measures have been introduced to specifically target the fast-growing chilled drinks sector. A cranberry and mandarin juice drink was introduced to the market in 2005.Situational Analysis (Marketing Audit)According to the publication by Public Health England (PHE), "Soft drinks account for the main cause of sugar consumption between 2008 and 2012" (Keynote, 2015). Several governmental and non-governmental bodies, such as National Health Service (NHS) and Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition (SACN) are; therefore, keen to reduce the consumption of sugary drinks by supporting and "pushing" sugar taxation (Mintel, 2014).Due to consumer awareness, buyers prefer more healthy drinks with less containing sugar. In the UK demand is increasing for healthy juice drinks, leaving carbonated soft drinks behind, because of the poor image created in recent years (AQC, 2015).Macro/Micro Environment Analysis:PESTEL"PEST EL analysis is used to audit environmental factors that can influence the organisation and gathered information can be used to guide strategic decision-making." This is according to Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development (CIPD, 2013). In order to carry out macro environment analysis for Atlantic Quench Cranberries (AQC), this plan will use Political, Economic, Sociological, Technological, Environmental and Legal (PESTEL) analysis.PoliticalBased on the emerging regulations on the health and safety of individual customers, this could be identified as an opportunity for AQC, because of the low saturated sugar in cranberries, it has a potential of becoming a societyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s approved alternative in soft drinks market. When considering potential taxation on sugar, AQC has an advantage over several giant soft drink manufacturers (such as Coca Cola and PepsiCo) that are currently investing high amount of resources in order to develop beverages that contain less sugar.EconomicI n terms of market share, the fruit juices segment has been on the decline throughout the review period, falling year-on-year from a share of 37.4% in 2010 to 34.5% by 2014 (Key Note, ). This could be explained due to negative publicity that has affected fruit juice market because of the high saturated sugar (PWC, 2015).SociologicalWith the increased preference of less containing sugar, the demand of AQC is also increasing. This would indicate that there is an opportunity for AQC to access more consumers, who are no longer loyal to carbonated soft drinks and are seeking for products that can add the value by offering more suitable, healthier beverages. However there is a threat of consumers gaining a perception of juices containing high amount of sugar and choosing alternatives such as bottled water, which has not been associated with sugar.TechnologicalThe current trend is being referred as "Snacking on the go" this is as a result to the busy state of the people. AQC will benefit f rom this trend because they are able to access busy locations, such as train and bus stations, office buildings or even gyms and schools. In order to avoid high costs of developing and maintaining such technology AQC could potentially choose to "rent" these from already existing companyEnvironmentalChanges in climate pose a great threat to the growth of cranberries. Cranberries are mainly grown in regions of North America (PWC, 2015). It is expected that the rain patterns are predicted to continue changing (EPAGOV, 2015). It is therefore, a threat for AQC because all of their cranberries are grown in the areas. This potentially will affect the quality and quantity of cranberries which could lead to AQC fail to meet the demand for the end products.Market overview:In the recent past there has been an increase in demand of fruit juice in the UK. Fruit drinks are deemed as health drinks and therefore, as a result of interest in living healthy lifestyle it has led to the high demand. Con sequently the juice sector is increasingly gaining market share as a result of loss of popularity of the carbonated sector, which has a poorer image among consumers.Market sizeThe UK market for fruit juices increased over the review period, rising by 2.3% from  £1.76bn in 2010 to an estimated value of  £1.8bn in 2014, despite two consecutive years of decline in 2013 and 2014, of 2.2% and 1.1% (Key Note, ).By volume, the fruit juices sector declined year-on-year between 2010 and 2014, despite rising market values in 2011 and 2012, falling by a total of 15.7% from 1.18 billion litres to 995 million litres. The annual rate of decline in the sector has accelerated over the period, from 1.7% in 2011, to growth of 5.2% by 2014 (Key Note).Value sales of cordials and squashes are expected to fall by 2% year on year to  £724 million (Mintel, 2014b). Volume sales are expected to have declined by 12% over 2009-14 to 450 litres, with four consecutive years of decline since 2010. This is could be explained due to formats, which cordials have been presented and directly linked to changes in concentrates now being double-concentrates (8% decline in 2010) (Mintel, 2014b).Growth ratesHot summer conditions have proven to increase the consumption of carbonates, juice drinks and other beverages that are popular mixed with ice (Key Note).Besides weather conditions, this ongoing decline in the fruit juices market is also attributable to the comparatively high price of products in this sector, with recent rising raw material costs pushing prices up further (Key Note), however this is not seen as a major threat for the industry as due to the raising economy is expected rise in consumer spending between 2014 and 2019 (Mintel, 2014).The cordial and squash market is considered to be fluctuating, as has proven that the demand is rising in when the weather is warm (due to the warm weather conditions in the summer of 2013, increased the market value return by 1% (Minte l, 2014b). AQC is presented with the opportunity, given that it is evident that the consumers are willing to pay more for the detoxing and healthier options and is exactly what AQC can offer to its customers.Customer and competitor analysisCustomer analysis and Market SegmentationFor fruit juices, consumption penetration in Great Britain was slightly higher among women than men, at 39.1% compared with 32.6% (Key Note, 2015). By age, consumption penetration was relatively similar across almost all age groups, ranging between 34.3% and 40.5% between the 15 to 19 and 55 to 64 age bands, with notably low penetration recorded among those age 65 and over, at 29.4% (Key Note, 2015). The highest level of penetration was recorded among those aged 25 to 34 and 20 to 24, at 40.5% and 40.3%, respectively (Key Note, 2015).Competitor AnalysisCranberry Juice has both direct and indirect competitors. The direct competitors are those organisations that are in the production of other verities of fru it Juices. One of the great direct competitors to cranberry juice is the super fruit juice. The company has brought about the introduction of other fruits such as gogi, pomegranates and acai into an industry that was traditionally dominated by the cranberries. The indirect competitors are the companies that are in the same industry, but are engaged in the production of other refreshment drinks. A good example is the Coca Cola Company. The juices blended from these fruits are believed by both Americans and the British to have a lot of nutrients, and they act as antioxidants. The uniqueness of these berries serves as strength for the competitors dealing in them thus the great impact they have created in the fruit juice industry. There has been a 20% increase in the volume of sales for the fruit juices.SWOT AnalysisSMarket demand for light drinksCranberries low in sugar...

Beowulf Christian Vs Pagan Influence Essay - 1652 Words

The European epic, Beowulf, was written sometime in the eighth century in England. This time period provides us with an idea for the mixture of Christian and pagan elements because of an English society that was in the process of converting from Paganism to Christianity. Examples of Pagan and Christian traditions are presented all throughout literature. Many of the influences deal with what it going on in the world, when the piece is written. When Beowulf was written, St. Augustine had just come over to try and convert the Anglo-Saxon people to Christianity; although the conversion succeeded it was a shallow conversion, and there were still people following the Pagan ways. The fact that Christianity and Paganism are so closely combined†¦show more content†¦During the battle, Beowulf wrestles with the evil monster until he is able to grab hold of Grendel’s arm and rip it out of the socket (47-8). These pagan, superhuman feats also appear in part two where Beowulf swim s downward for an entire day, without oxygen, before reaching the lair of Grendel’s mother. In their battle, Beowulf’s sword is useless against the tough skin of Grendel’s mother. He seizes a sword hanging on the wall that was forged by giants too heavy for any normal human to hold and slashes through the monster’s tough body (61-2). Beowulf’s superhuman strength is even more undeniable when he tells of his swimming match at sea with Breca. They each swam in icy waters for five days and five nights carrying swords to fight off the sea monsters. When Beowulf found himself pulled underwater by a monster, he killed it and eight other sea beasts that came to attack him (42-4). These pagan influences of amazing superhuman strength are not only apparent in Beowulf, but in many of the monsters he confronts on his journey. Another pagan influence is instilled. The hilt of the sword found in the deeps is described as twisted and ornamented with snakes and m ade by giants and supernatural beings. In many pagan religions and believes, animals were worshiped as gods. Beowulf seems afraid of defeat and failure. His boastful remarks are reminders to himself of his invincibility. In this poem, the poet is both critical and praising of the Anglo-Saxons’Show MoreRelatedBeowulf: Christian vs Pagan Influence Term Paper1665 Words   |  7 PagesThe European epic, Beowulf, was written sometime in the eighth century in England. This time period provides us with an idea for the mixture of Christian and pagan elements because of an English society that was in the process of converting from Paganism to Christianity. Examples of Pagan and Christian traditions are presented all throughout literature. Many of the influences deal with what it going on in the world, when the piece is written. When Beowulf was written, St. Augustine had just comeRead MorePaganism In Beowulf953 Words   |  4 PagesPaganism in Beowulf Beowulf was composed when England was transitioning from a pagan to a Christian culture. In chapter 3 of A Little History of Literature, it is said that Beowulf was likely written by a Christian monk who inserted Christian themes into the story. This is why Beowulf reflects both Christian and pagan views. These two religions and their elements affect the story in different ways. There are pagan views of fate and fame in Beowulf, but there are also Christian themes of humilityRead MoreTheme Of Christian And Pagan Elements In Beowulf978 Words   |  4 Pageseowulfs representation of Pagan and Christian elements Beowulf was written during the time that society was in the process of converting from Paganism to Christianity. Early Christianity developed in the Roman Empire, where many religions were practiced and formed into paganism. Paganism is commonly used to refer to various, largely unconnected religions and beliefs from that time period. Beowulf was written in England between the 8th and 11th century. The name of the author is unknown, but referredRead MoreReligion in Beowulf1385 Words   |  6 Pagesin Beowulf Throughout the story of Beowulf, the concept of religion plays a significant role. The Christianity ideology views state that man can survive and do great things through the protection of God. A strong desire of pride is also represented in the form of a hero in Beowulf, which in a sense goes against Christian morals. This clash with Christian morals in Beowulf was in the context of pride vs. humility and selfishness vs. sacrifice. In the book, Hrothgar first explained to Beowulf thatRead MoreRoles Of Religion In Beowulf1369 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout the story of Beowulf, the concept of religion plays a significant role. The Christianity ideology views state that man can survive and do great things through the protection of God. A strong desire of pride is also represented in the form of a hero in Beowulf, which in a sense goes against Christian morals. This clash with Christian morals in Beowulf was in the context of pride vs. humility and selfishness vs. sacrifice. In the b ook, Hrothgar first explained to Beowulf that pride without humilityRead MoreTaking a Look at Beowulf679 Words   |  3 PagesBeowulf, the story of a man of superhuman strength who battles against a variety of demonic monsters to save King Hrothgars kingdom from fear and later defends his own kingdom against a dragon which ultimately leads to his death, is thought to be written sometime around the 8th century. The timing is significant because it is around the same time that the English society was teetering between pagan and Christian beliefs. This shift in societal beliefs is evident throughout the poem with referencesRead MoreThe Importance Of Heroism In Beowulf1073 Words   |  5 PagesBeowulf is a classic, epic story which theme focuses on good versus evil, â€Å"Beowulf is essentially a heathen poem† (Bodek) said F.A Blackburn because it consists of elements drawn from Anglo-Saxons culture before they were converted to Christians. It is tidily divided into three par ts; The battle with Grendel, The battle with Grendel’s mother and the battle with the Dragon. The poem deals with Germanic forebears, the Danes, the Geats and the Swedes. This story features a super-strong warrior BeowulfRead MoreEssay on Beowulf (Christianity vs. Paganism)689 Words   |  3 PagesChristianity vs. Paganism In the story of Beowulf, there is a noticeable struggle between Christianity and Paganism, and the characters personal battle between the two. Throughout the story the characters display actions that lead towards Paganism and Christianity. Contrary to Pagan belief Beowulf is seen as the epitome of good and beneficent to all of mankind. In Beowulf, the people showed their faith and love in God, however due to horrific events, paranoia caused them to look for a quickRead MoreBeowulf: the Pagan Christian Epic Hero1569 Words   |  7 PagesBeowulf has both pagan and Christian influences. Throughout the story there are many elements of Christian teachings: that man survives only through the protection of God, that all earthly gifts flow from God, and that the proper bearing of man is to be humble and unselfish (csis.edu, 2011). While many pagan influences appear in the poem, Christian overtones are more prevalent, exhibiting many elements of Christian heroism in the poem. An example is when Beowulf says â€Å"God must decide who will beRead MoreEssay about Beowulf (Christianity vs. Paganism)664 Words   |  3 Pages Christianity vs. Paganism nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In the story of Beowulf, there is a noticeable struggle between Christianity and Paganism, and the characters personal battle between the two. Throughout the story the characters display actions that lead towards Paganism and Christianity. Contrary to Pagan belief Beowulf is seen as the epitome of good and beneficent to all of mankind. In Beowulf, the people showed their faith and love in God, however due to horrific events, paranoia caused

Psychological And Social Aspects Of Child Abuse - 895 Words

Child abuse has been an ongoing problem throughout the years that can affect a child from infancy all throughout adulthood. There are three kinds of child abuse. The first one is emotional abuse, it involves the psychological and social aspects of child abuse. It is usually seen when a parent cares more about their personal needs and goals rather than their children. The type of parenting style is characterized as overt aggression towards children or intimidation and manipulation. The parents usually yell, bully and humiliate their child. Characteristics of emotionally abusive parents are: Calling names and comparing their child to others, parents are unrewarding and difficult to enjoy, associating their own negative behaviors with the child’s difficult behavior, no affection to their child like kisses or hugs. Another type of is called physical abuse. There is an equal probability for both females and males to get physically abused. There is a peak between ages 4-8 and a l ot more deaths within toddlers and infants. Most cases of physical abuse may be confused for discipline when in reality it is actually physical abuse inappropriate for the children’s age or any age in general. There is a line between disciplining and making a child fearful towards an adult. Signs of a child in a physical abusive home includes children finding it hard getting along with their peers even other adults, depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, and low academic achievements. Sexual abuse is theShow MoreRelatedThe Signs And Symptoms Of Psychological Abuse1113 Words   |  5 PagesPsychological abuse also known as emotional abuse is when someone affects the emotional and social aspect of someone’s life. It is a pattern of behaviors by caregivers that interferes with cognitive, emotional, psychological, and social development. In other words’ it is when someone does something intentionally to hurt the emotional aspects of another person. What are the signs/symptoms of psychological abuse? Unlike physical abuse, psychological abuse often goes on without being noticed. PsychologicalRead MoreNegative Impact Of Postpartum Depression1413 Words   |  6 PagesDepression on Child Abuse Introduction: This psychological and behavioral study will analyze the impact of postpartum depression on women and the problem of child abuse related to this condition. Case studies find the circumstances of postpartum depression in women is directly related to the issue of previous child abuse and PTSD that have a negative impact on the newborn child. These factors define a significant correlation with postpartum depression in 1 out 9 women and later problems of abuse betweenRead MoreChild Abuse And Neglect Of Children1291 Words   |  6 PagesChild abuse and neglect are highly contested concepts, underpinned by and subject to a range of political and cultural factors particular to the society in which they occur. Therefore, child abuse and neglect are not phenomena that lend themselves to easy definition or measurement (Corby, 2006:79). This means that child abuse or neglect cannot be defined unless we take the cultural context into consideration, for what is considered to be abusive or negle ctful in one society could be acceptable inRead MoreChild Abuse And Its Effects On Society1342 Words   |  6 Pages Child Abuse. How does one decide what constitutes abuse? Is there a thin line between abuse and discipline? We often hear the horrific stories of child abuse in our communities, but are we as a society so used to hearing these stories that we have become desensitized to them? Child abuse is a prevalent thing in communities and often time the victims are suffering in silence. We, as a society, have a bad habit of â€Å"turning our heads the other way† or â€Å"not wanting to get involved.† The mentality ofRead More Investigating the Long-Term Effects of Physical Child Abuse Essay1057 Words   |  5 Pagesestimated 905,000 children were victims of child abuse or neglect in 2006(Child Welfare Information Gateway, 2008). In 1996, more than three million victims of suspected abuse were reported to child protective services agencies in the United States (Baker, 2002). The numbers have changed and still many cases of abuse go unreported. The number of incidences of child abuse rises when the family is under stress, such as being in our economy. The effects of physical abuse can last a lifetime and are measuredRead MoreWhat is Emotional Abuse?1154 Words   |  5 PagesEmotional abuse refers to a pattern of behavior of the caregivers or parents, wh ich interferes the cognitive, psychological, emotional as well as social development of the child in a serious or severe manner. Emotional child abuse therefore refers to a persistent and severe ill handling or treatment of the child by the caregiver or parent. Emotional abuse may be the only form of mental challenger the child is suffering from or it may be a combination of many other effects or child neglect. This mayRead MoreEffects of Domestic Violence on Children1124 Words   |  5 PagesMillions of children are exposed to a parent being violently assaulted. Domestic violence is a prevalent social issue in America today. First, who is affected by domestic violence. Second, the impact of domestic violence on children. Third, the social harm of domestic violence is illustrated. This paper argues that domestic violence has tremendous effects on children. What makes domestic violence a social problem rather then a personal problem? Domestic violence 20 years ago was framed as a women’s issueRead MoreThe Effect Of Child Abuse On The Emotional Development Of The Infant To Five Year Old Child In The United States. 681 Words   |  3 PagesThe Effect Of Child Abuse On The Emotional Development Of The Infant To Five Years Old Child In The United States. Child abuse is one of the most serious issues in the United States today. Child abuse is generally the maltreatment of a minor, and includes a physical, emotional or psychological harm to a child. Neglecting a minor is another type of abuse such as malnutrition, abandonment, and inadequate care of a child’s safety. Additionally, any neglectful act can lead to physical or emotionalRead MoreChild Abuse Is Not A New Problem1106 Words   |  5 Pageswho was abused by her stepfather and I didn’t know how to help her. I would like to know how children’s psychological development is affected, and how we can help these children cope with their misfortune. The most common effect is that maltreated children are, essentially, rejected. These destructive experiences impact on the developing child, increasing the risks for emotional, behavioral, social and physical problems throughout life. The purpose of this paper is to outline how these experiences mayRead MoreChild Negl ect Is A Type Of Child Maltreatment1076 Words   |  5 PagesChild neglect has been around for a long time. However, it was not until the late 1980s that public awareness began to enlarge to include recognition of the psychological consequences of neglect (Erickson and Egeland 4). Child neglect is a type of child maltreatment. It is a deficit in meeting a child’s basic needs, including lack of basic nutrition, health care, physical, emotional, education, and housing needs. There are many types of neglect in harsh areas and torn families that come for children

Business Ethics A New Employee - 1905 Words

Business Ethics You come to work and your manager tells you that you are supposed to train a new employee today. This is the third new employee in two months. The previous trainees were all fired from stealing from the company. You feel like there is more to the story, but continue your day and train the new employee. Your manager asks you to show the new employee the cleaning procedure for the bathrooms. As you come back from the bathrooms, you see that your manager is doing something at the registers and when he sees you he quickly leaves. It seems a little strange that he was touching the register since he is so adamant about having only one cashier to a register, however he is the manager so you let it go. That day the register is $20†¦show more content†¦The quick and easy answer may be to speak up about what your manager is doing (blaming the wrong employees for the thief), but how long after thinking about the right thing do you change your mind? In this case, you sta rt to wonder if the manager would just set you up for stealing just like the previous employees and you decide to keep quite while many more employees get fired before the manager finally gets caught for his unethical practices. Everyone at one time or another will encounter an ethical or moral obligation in his or her life. While business ethics can be debatable, it is defined as a general perception in a â€Å"utilitarian† approach of common good for most people such as guidelines and rules that when faced with an ethical dilemma they can assist in making a good choice concerning moral obligation, character, responsibility, and social justice. (Prasad.) It could be something small as catching someone stealing from the company or even on a larger scale of hiding dangerous side effects to a new drug. When the situation takes place in a professional setting, people should act in a manner that would express the good of the company. There are many instances when ethical and mora l behavior is not expressed throughout a company. The reason may be that some individuals might not understand what ethics are exactly and what it truly means to act in a proper way. In order to be ethical, one also must determine what course of action would

Taobao Vs. Ebay China - 1234 Words

Introduction Taobao vs. eBay China covers the emerging consumer to consumer market, growth of the internet, and multiple business interactions throughout a few decades. China started out with few online auctions, no set standardized rules for online trading, a lack of credit cards, debit cards that could not be processed in other areas, no way to make online transactions efficiently, and minimal precautions to eliminate fraud if these other obstacles could be averted. Overtime most of these were completely resolved, and China became a member of the C2C world. The following were discussed throughout the case; EachNet.com, eBay, eBay China, Taobao.com, PayPal, An Fu Tong (Secure Pay), AliPay, and Alibaba.com. Overall this case discusses why eBay cannot function effectively in China as well as the competition between eBay China and Taobao. External and Internal Analysis â€Å"eBay China† S †¢ Global foundation of eBay †¢ Experience/Established †¢ Funding †¢ Already a dominant online trading platform †¢ To start had 70% share W †¢ Markets willingness to adapt to their rules and regulations/fees †¢ Already failed in Japan †¢ Centralized decision making O †¢ Large target market in China †¢ Acquisition of EachNet.com †¢ Succeed and take over the online domain in Asia, to close the global gap T †¢ Markets willingness to adapt to their rules and regulations †¢ EachNet.com and Taobao.com †¢ Didn’t cater to local market necessities Problem Formulation Copying eBay in China was found to be aShow MoreRelatedTaobao vs. Ebay China8878 Words   |  36 PagesCASE: IB-88 DATE: 01/04/10 TAOBAO VS. EBAY CHINA Ten to 15 years from now, I think China can be eBay s largest market on a global basis†¦. We think China has tremendous long-term potential and we want to do everything we can to maintain 1 our No. 1 position. — Meg Whitman, eBay CEO, 2004 By 2008, Jack Ma, CEO of Alibaba.com Inc., was in a position to consider how to fortify Taobao’s dominant position in China’s online consumer-to-consumer (C2C) market. Ma and his company had come a long wayRead MoreTaobao vs. Ebay China: The Internet Oligopoly Market1053 Words   |  4 PagesTaobao vs. EBay China The Internet Oligopoly Market The Chinese online C2C market has two main players, EBay China and Taobao who largely control the market. Their products are identical and the action of one company directly affects the other. For example, Taobao was launched with an entirely no-fee model thereby greatly affecting the chances of eBay in implementing the payment system, An Fu Tong (Secure Pay). The importance of oligopolies in internet markets is that with limited companiesRead MoreEbay Expansion in China754 Words   |  4 PagesQuestion 1: eBay’s (diversification) expansion modes in China included acquisition and joint venture. Critically evaluate each mode of diversification by identifying the advantages and disadvantages for EBay given the competitive environment within the overall industry and specifically in China. By the year of 2006, eBay’s combined international investments in Latin American, Europe and Asia Pacific has totaled revenues of 2.1 billion, representing 49% of aggregate revenues of the companyRead MoreComparative Ebay and Taobao3114 Words   |  13 Pagesbetween eBay and Taobao in Chinese Online Auction Market BSAD 415:66 Electronic Business Prof. G. Trites Jie Yue (Kathy) 200706289 June 10, 2008 1 Introduction Being the largest online trading company, eBay has launched websites across the world, including thirty other countries in addition to its original U.S. website. China, with its large online market, is one of these countries. In 2003, after its cooperation with Eachnet, the first C2C online company in China, eBay becameRead MoreWhy Ebay Failed in China1913 Words   |  8 PagesA report on Ebay and Taobao. Ebay v/s Taobao Critically evaluate eBay’s chosen market entry strategies, into the Chinese ‘C2C’ market, determining the shortcomings of the strategies deployed during the case study period. When entering into a new market, there are many aspects that must be considered in order for a company to be successful. Through this case study we will look at how eBay developed their market strategy using the concept of six key factors timing, location, marketingRead MoreCase Study : Cultural Human Resource Management1361 Words   |  6 PagesChinaware summoned by the company founder and given a secret mission. They were told to develop a C2C Internet auction site within three months as a counter attack to the much-celebrated eBay entry into the Chinese market. The new company was named Taobao, to mean treasure hunting. Similarly, the mission was impossible. eBay became the goliath of the e-commerce world, with success recorded in the US and the prowess in the international operations and marketing (Hang et al. 2013). Besides, the company isRead MoreAnalysis of Ebay China’s Failure and Suggestions to Ebay’s Return Strategy from the Perspective of Cross-Cultural Conf licts7600 Words   |  31 PagesAnalysis of eBay China’s Failure and Suggestions to eBay’s Return Strategy from the Perspective of Cross-cultural Conflicts 1. Introduction Along with the development of global economy, no one is unfamiliar with the word of globalization, and the world is filled with multinational-corporations. In such circumstances, those companies have realized that the necessary way to survive in the global market and maintain the competitive advantages is toRead MoreSwot Analysis Of Alibuba In China1093 Words   |  5 Pagesworth of goods were sold, according to Business Insider (http://www.businessinsider.com/amazon-prime-day-vs-alibaba-singles-day-2017-7). Alibaba, founded in 1999 by Jack Ma to connect Chinese manufacturers to buyers, has grown into an e-commerce giant with a portfolio of innovative smaller companies working within it. However, the fact that a vast majority of their revenue is generated in China (83% of their revenue from Chinese commerce in 2015 http://www.alibabagroup.com/en/news/press_pdf/p150507Read MoreEbays Failure in China6789 Words   |  28 PagesInternational Strategy eBay’s failure in China †© †© †© †© †© †© †© †© †© †© †© †© †© †© †© †© 1 Table†©of†©contents†© 2†© Introduction........................................................................................................................................... 2†© 3†© Theoretical†©background .................................................................................................................... 3†© 3.1†© The†©SWOT†©Analysis.......................................................Read More1. Based on the Case Study and Your Own Research on Competitors, Summarize the Strategic Approaches Which Have Helped Tesco.Com Achieve Success Online.5953 Words   |  24 Pagescountries are faced by many large companies that do business online. For example, eBay, which had struggled to compete in China for many years, finally closed its operations in the country in 2006. eBay entered China in 2003 with a $30 million investment. In subsequent years, it poured another $250 million into acquisitions and advertising in China. But the effort to compete effectively against Alibaba.com’s TaoBao consumer auction unit failed. Some observers believe that a Chinese cultural

Test Driven Development

Question: Discuss about the Test Driven Development. Answer: Introduction There is increasing effort to have the best software development process that results in software or IT project product that not only meets, but adds value to the customer through its outcomes/ effects. One of the development processes through which this can be achieved is through Test Driven Development (TDD); a process in which very short repetitive development cycles is relied on to develop the software. The requirements are converted into highly specific test cases; the software is then improved to pass only the new tests (Beck, 2014). This paper does some research on the TDD process and discusses how it works, its merits, possible downfalls, use, and prospects, before summarizing the findings Developed by Kent Beck around 2003, TDD is a relatively new process for software development. The cycle commences by the addition of a test; every new feature starts with writing a test that succinctly defines functions or function improvements (Beck, 2014). The developer must therefore fully understand the specifications and requirements of the feature and the tests can be achieved through user stories and use cases to define the exception conditions and the requirements. The test is written in any framework deemed suitable for the software environment. This approach makes the developer focus more on the requirements before sitting down to develop the code (Astels, 2003). After writing the tests, it is now time to run all the tests and observe whether the new test fails; this is done to authenticate whether the automated test framework is working correctly. It is also done to illustrate that the new test doesnt pass without needing new code since the required behavior exists already. This test also rules out possibility that the new test is faulty and will always pass the test. For expected reason, the new test should fail; this step is essential in increasing the confidence of the developer in the new test (Ga?rtner, 2013). After the test, the code is then developed that causes the test to be passed; the new written code is still imperfect and may just pass the test but this is acceptable since the code will be improved (Farcic, 2017) Tests are then run after the first code is written and all test cases have passed; at this point, the developer is confident the new or improved code will meet requirements of the test without breaking or degrading existing features. The new code has to be adjusted until it passes the tests in case it failed to pass the test (Farcic, 2017). The next step involves refactoring the code; the growing code must be regularly cleaned in TDD and it is advisable at this point to move new code to where it logically belongs from where it was convenient just to pass the tests. Duplication has to be removed and class, object, module, method, and variable must represent their present purpose and use clearly as extra functionality is added to it (Farcic, 2017). Objects can get larger and method bodies longer as new features are added; they benefit from their being split and their sum parts named carefully to improve maintainability and readability. This will be increasingly valuable at the later stages of the software development cycle. This stage of refactoring can also entail rearranging inheritance hierarchies to make them more helpful and logical and possible benefit from patterns that can be recognized easily. Tests are re-run continuously at every refactoring phase throughout the whole process, the coder can be confident that an y existing functionality is not being altered by the process. Duplication removal is a highly important process in software design and for TDD; it also enables removal of any duplication between the test and production codes (Ga?rtner, 2013). The next stage entails repeating the whole process, beginning with a new test cycle with the objective of pushing functionality forward. The size of the steps should remain small with between one and ten edits between every test run. If a new test is not satisfied rapidly by new code or there are unexpected fails in other tests, the coder needs to revert rather than engage in excessive debugging. Due to continuous integration, revertible checkpoints are provided and if external libraries are being used, increments that are very small as to be effective for only testing the library should be avoided unless the coder has reason to believe the library is not adequately feature rich or has bugs (Ambler, 2013), (Ga?rtner, 2013). Best practices requires test cases to be effectively laid out so all the requisite actions are completed while consistent structure aids in building test cases that are self-documenting. The test cases follow a structure of; Setup Execution Validation Cleanup (Ga?rtner, 2013). TDD Development Style TDD requires the units to be kept as small as possible; units in TDD are defined as a class or a module, which is a group of related functions. Keeping units small has several benefits, including reduced debugging effort since there are smaller units that help in quick tracking of errors during test failures; it also enables self-documenting tests since smaller test cases can be read and understood easily (Beck, 2014) It leads to high quality software developed in a shorter time and helps create elegant, simple modular software code. It allows developers to detect and remove bugs much earlier in the development process and the tests are live documentation that allows much easy reading and understanding of the code. In the long term, it speeds up development and ensures a more user centered software design as it enables developers to think from the users point of view rather than from a technical point of view (Hammell, 2005). A lot of effort and time is required upfront, especially writing the tests and because there is greater focus on small and simple designs at present times can result in significant refactoring requirements as the coder does not think ahead. In writing good tests, superfluous issues are also tested while maintaining a test suite requires time and effort. Due to rapid design changes, tests must change as rapidly as well ('MSDN', 2017). Future prospects TDD has gained considerable attention in the mainstream software development as a means for fast development of high quality software that is at par with the agile method. While having its share of critics, it has received widespread acclaim and the future prospects are bright, albeit with some refining and redefining of the process, especially the tests (Reese, n.d.). TDD is a relatively new concept in which software is developed through repetition of very short development cycles. The process entails adding a test, then running all the tests to see if there is fails for new tests before writing code. After the code is written, tests are run and the code refactored; the whole process is repeated before the software is considered complete. Its advantage is that it enables high quality software to be developed in a short time period while the main limitation is its seeming complexity in developing and running tests as design rapidly changes. References Ambler, S. (2013). Introduction to Test Driven Development (TDD). Agiledata.org. Retrieved 7 April 2017, from https://agiledata.org/essays/tdd.html Astels, D. (2003). Test-driven development (1st ed.). Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall PTR. Beck, K. (2014). Test-driven development (1st ed.). Boston [u.a.]: Addison-Wesley. Farcic, V. (2017). Test Driven Development (TDD): Example Walkthrough. Technology Conversations. Retrieved 7 April 2017, from https://technologyconversations.com/2013/12/20/test-driven-development-tdd-example-walkthrough/ Ga?rtner, M. (2013). ATDD by example (1st ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ [u.a.]: Addison-Wesley. Hammell, T. (2005). Test-driven development: A J2EE example (1st ed.). Berkeley, Calif.: Apress. 'MSDN',. (2017). What are the Test Driven Development Disadvantages. Social.msdn.microsoft.com. Retrieved 7 April 2017, from https://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/en-US/0893f9d2-fb5e-4172-8fd4-13d1b59b667f/what-are-the-test-driven-development-disadvantages?forum=architecturegeneral Reese, A. What is the future of test-driven development? - Our ComponentOne. Our ComponentOne. Retrieved 7 April 2017, from https://our.componentone.com/2014/05/05/what-is-the-future-of-test-driven-development/

Interpersonal Relationships Essay Example For Students

Interpersonal Relationships Essay Interpersonal relationship is definitely one of the most complex and dynamic structures. We learn how to build it from the early ages. The ability to create an interpersonal relationship is affected by the one’s upbringing and the place a person occupies in society. When we start thinking about who we are, we can determine the essence of our existence mainly with the help of interpersonal relations. Every time we are engaged in interpersonal relations, we have a chance to manifest ourselves as personalities and understand who we are. The understanding of interpersonal relationships and their â€Å"quality† are important at all stages of one’s life. In fact, the interpersonal relationship is a necessary condition for one’s existence starting from the first day of life and up to death. Communication as an integral part of human existence No one will dispute the fact that we constantly communicate with other individuals. However, rarely we ask ourselves what the essence of the interpersonal relationship is. Talking about the topic, we usually imply that it means how other people relate to each other. Interpersonal relationships usually differ in both type and quality. However, regardless of the fact whether we talk about friendly, loving, or professional relations,  for example,  any type of interpersonal communications plays a crucial role in our lives. Whenever we do in our lives right now and whatever we feel is the direct result of the interactions with people we have interacted with in our lives. Also, it should be mentioned that the dynamic of the development of modern society may be defined by interconnectivity and interdependence. One’s well-being and the possibility of personal growth depends, first of all, on the quality of interpersonal relationships in which a student  is engaged and which one is able to â€Å"build.† It is not by chance that one’s satisfaction with interpersonal relations and satisfaction with one’s position in these relations is probably the most important criterion of social adaptation. Hence, strong relationships with friends, relatives or colleagues in a particular group help to improve not only psychological but also one’s physical health. The importance of interpersonal communication in personal life Such a high significance of interpersonal relations for each individual person is based on the fact that strong contacts with other individuals are the way to satisfy the fundamental needs of a person. First of all, personal relationships contribute to self-identity and self-worth.   Secondly, it is one’s need of belonging to different groups and communities. Also, interpersonal relationships satisfy one’s need for love and affection. Lastly, they are believed to give the meaning to one’s life and bring the sense of individuality. Any relationships require ones endless learning and contributions. However, the results undoubtedly worth it Due to the rapid development of digital technologies, many problems connected with interpersonal relationship have appeared. The media and various devices have greatly transformed the way we approach relationships and develop social networks. Despite the possibility of unlimited communication in social networks, many individuals still feel lonely. The reason for this is the change in priorities, characteristics,  and life principles. Spending a lot of their time on social networks, people can stay in touch with individuals from different parts of the world.   The benefits of social media regardless of interpersonal relationships is that different networks help to make stronger the community of people interested in the same thing. Undoubtedly, this fact contributes to the building of a global community. However, the problem is that people prefer talking in social networks to live communication. Thus, social media both enhance and put in danger the interpersonal relationship. Therefore, it is not impossible to move forward and discover one’s identity without interpersonal relationships. The strong relationships with other people are the most effective way to live a meaningful life. Hence, only one thing that matters in our lives is the quality of interpersonal relationships. Considering that in the modern world everything is built on communication between social beings, the understanding of the basic principles of building strong interpersonal relationships is probably the most effective way to solve the problems of the whole world. To sum up, interpersonal relationships play a significant role in the life of every individual, and we should work on them every day to make them stronger. .ua9f07753d2e0f4f40cddf5b28dea2611 , .ua9f07753d2e0f4f40cddf5b28dea2611 .postImageUrl , .ua9f07753d2e0f4f40cddf5b28dea2611 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua9f07753d2e0f4f40cddf5b28dea2611 , .ua9f07753d2e0f4f40cddf5b28dea2611:hover , .ua9f07753d2e0f4f40cddf5b28dea2611:visited , .ua9f07753d2e0f4f40cddf5b28dea2611:active { border:0!important; } .ua9f07753d2e0f4f40cddf5b28dea2611 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua9f07753d2e0f4f40cddf5b28dea2611 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua9f07753d2e0f4f40cddf5b28dea2611:active , .ua9f07753d2e0f4f40cddf5b28dea2611:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua9f07753d2e0f4f40cddf5b28dea2611 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua9f07753d2e0f4f40cddf5b28dea2611 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua9f07753d2e0f4f40cddf5b28dea2611 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua9f07753d2e0f4f40cddf5b28dea2611 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua9f07753d2e0f4f40cddf5b28dea2611:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua9f07753d2e0f4f40cddf5b28dea2611 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua9f07753d2e0f4f40cddf5b28dea2611 .ua9f07753d2e0f4f40cddf5b28dea2611-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua9f07753d2e0f4f40cddf5b28dea2611:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: AMERICAN PATRIOTISM EssayTo understand the importance of interpersonal relationships, it is also crucial to examine the role of social support in one’s life. In fact, it represents humans the necessity in terms of mutual understanding help, and unification. All people are depended on social support. Those individuals who are competent in building strong interpersonal relationships experience continuous social support and, as a result, feel happier and more satisfied with their lives. As soon as we face some problems and feel distressed or anxious, we need to share our feelings with family, friends, or beloved ones. Hence, the interpersonal relationship is the only o ne effective weapon against isolation.

Someone was coming down the st... free essay sample

Someone was coming down the stairs! Hiding with panic, we were both ducked down behind an ancient sofa that was full of moss. I could feel my body shuddering with fear like I was in the Antarctic; a rush of pure went down through my throat into my lungs. What if we were caught? The unknown glanced at me through the transparent glass smirking at me. I thought she was just keeping an eye on me. Cautiously, the door opened we could hear someone sneaking in with no sound. All I could here was silence for a moment then a torch flickered on. Its beam stabbed the darkness, seeking us out, curiously looking at all hidden corners. Holding my breath in, I tried to not make a single sound. After a few moments, the light switched off. All we could see was darkness all around us. Whoever stepped foot in sneaking, was listening to the sounds. We will write a custom essay sample on Someone was coming down the st or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page We could hear each rasping breath. Then the door slammed and the footsteps ere getting further and further away. With a relieved heart, I let a sigh out. As we clambered out of the window and slithered through the wet roof, I looked out at the weather all was thunder and lightning I could hear. Each drop of rain was loud enough to here from another country. I tried to think thoughtfully why is badness coming to the world and me. What wrong did I do and why do I have to see this? I was trying to remember how I got into such a mess. It had only been an hour ago when Mom had sent me down to the basement with a twenty-pound note to buy my Mom and me some dinner. When I had reached to the roundabout, I couldnt resist looking at that old house. It was that moment I had seen it; a light at the window. Then I saw a face. I stood there staring in confusion. It was a girl, mouthing HELP. That was how it happened!I had broken in round the back through the smashed window. Half a minute later and I had found her, a trapped prisoner in an upstairs room. She had just only finished explaining to me what her occupation was. Apparently, it turns out that she was the daughter of an American ambassador, Lauren Kent, and about the ransom money when the kidnappers had returned to move her to the safe house, So there we were, balancing on the wall, as we were about to jump off the plank. I lowered myself down. A few minutes later and when we were back at Moms. She had asked where was our dinner suspiciously eyeing me mainly. Half an hour after that, my Dad had arrived in an embassy car. But since we didnt get anything from the shops Dad had took us out for a family dinner night. Shockingly, the next day I appeared to be in the local newspaper.

Best Research Essay Topics - Which Topics Should You Choose?

Best Research Essay Topics - Which Topics Should You Choose?While a research paper is important in nearly every subject, some topics for research essay that you should consider including health, science, business, politics, and history. With each of these topics, there are plenty of different perspectives and arguments to consider when writing the paper. Additionally, each of these topics is in a very broad area of study that will require research into the topic at hand.One of the best and most popular topics for research essay is the medical field. This is because the medical field has hundreds of studies and statistics that could be utilized to support your argument. There are many students who opt to write this particular essay for school but it is important to note that the medical field is a very broad subject. It would be difficult to accurately summarize the entire medical field with just one essay.Another science topic that is very common is physics. Students can explore a va riety of scientific theories through this essay topic. The various experiments that were performed in the past and why they failed are crucial to the conclusion. Some other topics to consider when writing a physics essay are complexity of matter, the Big Bang Theory, general relativity, and the concept of time.Perhaps the third most popular topic for research essay is political topics. The United States is also one of the most politically divided countries in the world. Students can discuss American politics, the American government, popular culture, and other public opinion throughout the paper. Issues to take into consideration when writing a political essay include the rights of the minority, and democracy.The fourth most popular topic for research essay is criminal justice. Because of the global nature of crimes, the United States is often the target of a lot of crimes around the world. In order to properly analyze the situation, a student will need to thoroughly research and un derstand the criminal justice system. The different types of crimes such as terrorism, human trafficking, and armed robbery can all be addressed in this particular research paper.History is also another of the many science topics that are popular in research essays. This is because history is not only very popular but also extremely educational. Most schools have a great deal of historical content that can be used for the academic purpose of history, but there are also some issues that have to be addressed in the writing of the academic paper. Issues such as slavery, injustice, and genocide are examples of topics that should be discussed in the academic paper.Physics is also a science topic that is popular for academic purposes. There are several topics to be explored in this particular area. Topics to consider in this area include the nature of gravity, how supernovas happen, and the speed of light.Education is an extremely important topic for research essay. The public school syst em is a great place to learn and understand the skills needed to be successful in life. However, this cannot be done without study and knowledge. A student must be able to research information that can be used for their writing needs in order to succeed in life.

Nora Helmer of A Dolls House, a Play by Henrik Ibsen

Nora Helmer of 'A Doll's House,' a Play by Henrik Ibsen One of the most complex characters of 19th-century drama, Nora Helmer prances about in the first act, behaves desperately in the second, and gains a stark sense of reality during the finale of Henrik Ibsens  A Dolls House. In the beginning, Nora exhibits many childish qualities. The audience first sees her when she returns from a seemingly extravagant Christmas shopping excursion. She eats a few desserts which she has secretly purchased. When her condescending husband, Torvald Helmer, asks if she has been sneaking macaroons, she denies it wholeheartedly. With this minor act of deception, the audience learns that Nora is quite capable of lying. She is most child-like when she interacts with her husband. She behaves playfully yet obediently in his presence, always coaxing favors from him instead of communicating as equals. Torvald gently chides Nora throughout the play, and Nora good-naturedly responds to his critics as though she were some loyal pet. Nora Helmers Clever Side However, Nora has been leading a double life. She has not been thoughtlessly spending their money. Rather, she has been scrimping and saving to pay off a secret debt. Years ago, when her husband became ill, Nora forged her fathers signature to receive a loan to save Torvalds life. The fact that she never told Torvald about this arrangement reveals several aspects of her character. For one, the audience no longer sees Nora as the sheltered, care-free wife of an attorney. She knows what it means to struggle and take risks. In addition, the act of concealing the ill-gotten loan signifies Noras independent streak. She is proud of the sacrifice she has made. Although she says nothing to Torvald, she brags about her actions with her old friend, Mrs. Linde, the first chance she gets.  Basically, she believes that her husband would undergo just as many hardships, if not more, for her sake. However, her perception of her husbands devotion is quite misplaced. Desperation Sets In When the disgruntled Nils Krogstad threatens to reveal the truth about her forgery, Nora realizes that she has potentially scandalized Torvald Helmers good name. She begins to question her own morality, something she has never done before. Did she do something wrong? Were her actions appropriate, under the circumstances? Will the courts convict her? Is she an improper wife? Is she a terrible mother? Nora contemplates suicide in order to eliminate the dishonor she has wrought upon her family. She also hopes to prevent Torvald from sacrificing himself and going to prison in order to save her from persecution. Yet, it remains debatable as to whether or not she would truly follow through and jump into the icy river. Krogstad doubts her ability. Also, during the climactic scene in Act Three, Nora seems to stall before running out into the night to end her life. Torvald stops her all too easily, perhaps because she knows that, deep down, she wants to be saved. Nora Helmers Transformation Noras epiphany occurs when the truth is finally revealed. As Torvald unleashes his disgust towards Nora and her crime of forgery, the protagonist realizes that her husband is a very different person than she once believed. Torvald has no intention of taking the blame for Noras crime. She thought for certain that he would selflessly give up everything for her. When he fails to do this, she accepts the fact that their marriage has been an illusion. Their false devotion has been merely playacting. She has been his child-wife and his doll. The monologue in which she calmly confronts Torvald serves as one of Ibsens finest literary moments. The Controversial Ending of A Dolls House Since the premiere of Ibsens A Dolls House, much has been discussed regarding the final controversial scene. Why does Nora leave not only Torvald but her children as well? Many critics and theater-goers questioned the morality of the plays resolution. In fact, some productions in Germany refused to produce the original ending. Ibsen acquiesced and grudgingly wrote an alternate ending in which Nora breaks down and cries, deciding to stay, but only for her childrens sake. Some argue that Nora leaves her home purely because she is selfish. She does not want to forgive Torvald. She would rather start another life than try to fix her existing one. Or perhaps she feels that Torvald was right, that she is a child who knows nothing of the world. Since she knows so little about herself or society, she feels that she is an inadequate mother and wife. She leaves the children because she feels it is for their benefit, painful as it may be to her. Nora Helmers last words are hopeful, yet her final action is less optimistic. She leaves Torvald explaining that there is a slight chance they could become man and wife once again, but only if a Miracle of miracles occurred. This gives Torvald a brief ray of hope. However, just as he repeats Noras notion of miracles, his wife exits and slams the door, symbolizing the finality of their relationship.

Bis Case Study

com) was taking another crack at replacing its legacy business systems. The Oakland, New Jersey–based distributor of toys and gifts ? nalized plans to roll out J. D. Edwards Co. ’s OneWorld Xe suite of enterprise resource planning (ERP), customer relationship management, and ? nancial applications. The multimillion-dollar project was scheduled to be done in phases over the next 18 months. Russ Berrie CIO Michael Saunders said that the company, which had sales of $225 million during the ? rst nine months of 2001, hoped the OneWorld System would help it reach $1 billion in annual revenue in the coming years. Within the next 12 months, he said, Russ Berrie planned to begin installing the applications one department at a time, starting with a stand-alone implementation in purchasing. â€Å"We’re not going big bang,† Saunders said. â€Å"We’re mitigating implementation risks by taking a phased-in approach. The company had reason to be cautious. Three years before, a Y2K-related migration from its homegrown distribution, ? nancial, and customer service systems to packaged ERP applications experienced major system failures. Saunders said the problems were severe enough for Russ Berrie to take many of the new applications off-line and return to their old systems. Saunders wouldn’t identify the software vendors that were involved in the failed impl ementation, but sources said that SAP AG’s applications were part of the 1999 project. A spokesman at SAP con? rmed that Russ Berrie was one of its customers, but he declined to offer further details because of pending litigation between the two companies. Joshua Greenbaum of Enterprise Applications Consulting said it appeared that Russ Berrie â€Å"bit off more than they could chew† on the 1999 project. Companywide rollouts are especially risky for midsize businesses like Russ Berrie, Greenbaum said. T he good news is that Agilent Technologies Inc. (www. agilent. com) says its enterprise resource planning applications are stable. The bad news is they got that way only after a rocky ERP migration project that cost the company $105 million in revenue and $70 million in pro? ts. In mid-August 2002, the multinational communications and life sciences company, formerly a part of HewlettPackard Co. , said problems with the ERP components in Oracle’s e-Business Suite 11e software froze production for the equivalent of a week, leading to the massive losses. The Oracle system handles about half of the company’s worldwide production of test, measurement, and monitoring products and almost all of its ? ancial operations, as well as functions such as order handling and shipping. Agilent was in the process of migrating as many as 2,200 legacy applications that it inherited from HP to Oracle. As part of the switchover, approximately 6,000 orders in the internally developed legacy systems had to be converted to an Oracle-friendly format, an Agilent spokeswoman said from company headquarters in Palo Alto, Califo rnia. She said the con? guration process had problems requiring correction. In a statement last week, Agilent President and CEO Ned Barnholt said the disruptions to the business after implementing the ERP system were â€Å"more extensive than we expected. † An Agilent spokeswoman said the issue wasn’t the quality of the Oracle application, but rather the â€Å"very complex nature of the enterprise resource planning implementation. † For its part, Oracle Corp. said it’s working closely with Agilent. â€Å"At Oracle, we are fully committed to all of our customers for the long haul and support them in any way necessary,† the company said in a statement. We have a strong relationship with Agilent, and both companies believe the implementation is stable. † Agilent also had a takeaway lesson: â€Å"Enterprise resource planning implementations are a lot more than software packages,† the company said in a statement. â€Å"They are a fundamental transformation of a company’s business processes. People, processes , policies, the company’s culture are all factors that should be taken into consideration when implementing a major enterprise system. † According to one analyst, ERP disasters are often caused by the user company itself. Joshua Greenbaum, an analyst at Enterprise Applications Consulting, said 99 percent of such rollout ? ascoes are caused by â€Å"management’s inability to spec out their own requirements and the implementer’s inability to implement those specs. † Russ Berrie and Co. After a three-year saga that included a $10. 3 million ? nancial hit from the failed installation of packaged applications, teddy bear maker Russ Berrie and Case Study Questions 1. What are the main reasons companies experience failures in implementing ERP systems? 2. What are several key things companies should do to avoid ERP systems failures? Explain the reasons for your proposals. 3. Why do you think ERP systems in particular are often cited as examples of failures in IT systems development, implementation, or management? Source: Adapted from Marc Songini, â€Å"ERP Effort Sinks Agilent Revenue,† Computerworld, August 26, 2002, pp. 1, 12; and Marc Songini, â€Å"Teddy Bear Maker Prepares for Second Attempt at ERP Rollout,† Computerworld, February 4, 2002, p. 16. Reprinted with permission from Computerworld. Bis Case Study com) was taking another crack at replacing its legacy business systems. The Oakland, New Jersey–based distributor of toys and gifts ? nalized plans to roll out J. D. Edwards Co. ’s OneWorld Xe suite of enterprise resource planning (ERP), customer relationship management, and ? nancial applications. The multimillion-dollar project was scheduled to be done in phases over the next 18 months. Russ Berrie CIO Michael Saunders said that the company, which had sales of $225 million during the ? rst nine months of 2001, hoped the OneWorld System would help it reach $1 billion in annual revenue in the coming years. Within the next 12 months, he said, Russ Berrie planned to begin installing the applications one department at a time, starting with a stand-alone implementation in purchasing. â€Å"We’re not going big bang,† Saunders said. â€Å"We’re mitigating implementation risks by taking a phased-in approach. The company had reason to be cautious. Three years before, a Y2K-related migration from its homegrown distribution, ? nancial, and customer service systems to packaged ERP applications experienced major system failures. Saunders said the problems were severe enough for Russ Berrie to take many of the new applications off-line and return to their old systems. Saunders wouldn’t identify the software vendors that were involved in the failed impl ementation, but sources said that SAP AG’s applications were part of the 1999 project. A spokesman at SAP con? rmed that Russ Berrie was one of its customers, but he declined to offer further details because of pending litigation between the two companies. Joshua Greenbaum of Enterprise Applications Consulting said it appeared that Russ Berrie â€Å"bit off more than they could chew† on the 1999 project. Companywide rollouts are especially risky for midsize businesses like Russ Berrie, Greenbaum said. T he good news is that Agilent Technologies Inc. (www. agilent. com) says its enterprise resource planning applications are stable. The bad news is they got that way only after a rocky ERP migration project that cost the company $105 million in revenue and $70 million in pro? ts. In mid-August 2002, the multinational communications and life sciences company, formerly a part of HewlettPackard Co. , said problems with the ERP components in Oracle’s e-Business Suite 11e software froze production for the equivalent of a week, leading to the massive losses. The Oracle system handles about half of the company’s worldwide production of test, measurement, and monitoring products and almost all of its ? ancial operations, as well as functions such as order handling and shipping. Agilent was in the process of migrating as many as 2,200 legacy applications that it inherited from HP to Oracle. As part of the switchover, approximately 6,000 orders in the internally developed legacy systems had to be converted to an Oracle-friendly format, an Agilent spokeswoman said from company headquarters in Palo Alto, Califo rnia. She said the con? guration process had problems requiring correction. In a statement last week, Agilent President and CEO Ned Barnholt said the disruptions to the business after implementing the ERP system were â€Å"more extensive than we expected. † An Agilent spokeswoman said the issue wasn’t the quality of the Oracle application, but rather the â€Å"very complex nature of the enterprise resource planning implementation. † For its part, Oracle Corp. said it’s working closely with Agilent. â€Å"At Oracle, we are fully committed to all of our customers for the long haul and support them in any way necessary,† the company said in a statement. We have a strong relationship with Agilent, and both companies believe the implementation is stable. † Agilent also had a takeaway lesson: â€Å"Enterprise resource planning implementations are a lot more than software packages,† the company said in a statement. â€Å"They are a fundamental transformation of a company’s business processes. People, processes , policies, the company’s culture are all factors that should be taken into consideration when implementing a major enterprise system. † According to one analyst, ERP disasters are often caused by the user company itself. Joshua Greenbaum, an analyst at Enterprise Applications Consulting, said 99 percent of such rollout ? ascoes are caused by â€Å"management’s inability to spec out their own requirements and the implementer’s inability to implement those specs. † Russ Berrie and Co. After a three-year saga that included a $10. 3 million ? nancial hit from the failed installation of packaged applications, teddy bear maker Russ Berrie and Case Study Questions 1. What are the main reasons companies experience failures in implementing ERP systems? 2. What are several key things companies should do to avoid ERP systems failures? Explain the reasons for your proposals. 3. Why do you think ERP systems in particular are often cited as examples of failures in IT systems development, implementation, or management? Source: Adapted from Marc Songini, â€Å"ERP Effort Sinks Agilent Revenue,† Computerworld, August 26, 2002, pp. 1, 12; and Marc Songini, â€Å"Teddy Bear Maker Prepares for Second Attempt at ERP Rollout,† Computerworld, February 4, 2002, p. 16. Reprinted with permission from Computerworld.